Behind the scenes: Live Sound Engineering Part 2: Monitors

Feb 2

In Part 1, we delved into the roles of the System Engineer and the Front-of-House Engineer. Now, in part 2, we will explore the fascinating world of the Monitor Engineer and the Monitor/Stage Tech. While the dedicated audio team at Front of House ensures top-notch sound for the audience, the audio team stage left shoulders the crucial responsibility of delivering exceptional sound on stage, catering to the artist, the band, and all those behind the scenes who make the show unforgettably remarkable.

The Stage/ Monitor Tech:

On smaller shows, the Monitor Engineer usually has one primary assistant known as the Monitor Tech. This individual is responsible for running cables on stage and making all the connections between the instruments on stage and the consoles. The Monitor Tech holds several responsibilities as they are in charge of ensuring that the cables on stage are properly connected and functioning, while also ensuring FOH has access to all the necessary connections via a "splitter". During what is called a "line check", all the connections on stage will be tested, and any issues between Monitors and FOH will be addressed and resolved at this time.
A proficient Monitor/Stage tech should possess comprehensive knowledge of all the connections being made and should also have a prompt plan of action for any issues that may surface during the line check or the show. This means that they must be organized and have detailed notes or documentation for every connection and alteration they make. Similar to the System Engineer, a proficient Monitor Tech will significantly ease the Monitor Engineer’s workload by allowing the Engineer to concentrate on keeping all performers content, while they focus on troubleshooting and addressing any other arising needs.

On larger shows, the Stage Technician and the Monitor Technician are typically separate positions. The Monitor Technician is solely responsible for assisting the Monitor Engineer, while the Stage Technician is solely responsible for ensuring that all connections on stage are connected and working properly for both FOH and Monitors.

The Monitor Engineer:

The Monitor Engineer serves as the primary line of defense when it comes to the actual sound being produced for the show. Unlike the FOH Engineer, whose primary focus is the audience, the Monitor Engineer concentrates on providing clear and customized personal mixes to enhance the on-stage performance for the musicians and the artist. It is essential because if the performers on stage cannot properly hear themselves or others on stage, this can lead to confusion and frustration, ultimately resulting in a poor show overall.

Before the introduction of in-ear monitors, performers onstage primarily relied on floor speakers known as wedges or monitors, which is the origin of the term "monitor engineer." When monitors or sidefill speakers are used on stage, the monitor engineer must ensure that the sound on the stage does not interfere with the FOH mix. This requires maintaining the stage volume at a reasonable level. Additionally, the monitor engineer must ensure that all speakers on stage are properly time-aligned and that any overpowering frequencies are effectively managed.

In today's modern production landscape, most stage shows are forsaking wedges and transitioning to quiet stages by employing in-ear monitors. In-ear monitors have unlocked a plethora of options for both performers and engineers. Besides diminishing on-stage noise and safeguarding performers from hearing loss, in-ear monitors offer valuable cues to performers, including timing, pitch, and even stage directions. Given the multitude of options available today, it is crucial that the monitor engineer understands the capabilities and constraints of the chosen console for mixing and that they maintain organizational diligence. Additionally, the monitor engineer must have a great rapport with their team and with the performers on stage. They must also maintain a good and efficient workflow as well as maintaining the lines of communication before, during, and after each event.

Conclusion:

Teamwork in Sound Production
In conclusion, while each member of the sound team has distinct roles for every production, they must remember that they are part of a team. No member is more or less important than another, and all must play their part in delivering a flawless event for the audience. When everything runs smoothly, the performers can focus on their show, and the audience can have a great time. However, when issues arise, it can lead to a challenging evening for everyone. Given the unpredictable nature of live events, there is no guarantee of a flawless outcome, so each team member must be prepared to address and resolve any issues promptly to safeguard the success of the show. This ability is a hallmark of an exceptional audio team.